Dual-Fuel RTU vs All-Electric Heat-Pump RTU: A 20-Year TCO Comparison for Cold-Climate Commercial Buildings
For a 100-ton commercial rooftop replacement in ASHRAE Climate Zone 5B, when does dual-fuel (heat-pump + gas backup) win on 20-year total cost of ownership versus all-electric heat-pump? The math depends on utility rates, refrigerant choices, and BPS exposure. Here's the model and where the breakpoints actually fall.